remanded

Hansen v. Independent School District No. 1

Full Case Name
Hansen v. Independent School District No. 1
Description

The court found that the defendant school district caused a nuisance by allowing its field to be leased to a baseball team that shined its lights on the plaintiff's residence at night, interfering with the plaintiff's sleep. The court directed that an injunction be granted.

Date
07-07-1939
Court
Idaho Supreme Court
Jurisdiction
Idaho
Plaintiffs
Incident Location
Lewiston, ID
Disputed Act

A school district leased its field to a baseball team which played night games, shining beacon lights into the windows of the neighboring resident, which disturbed his sleep.

Holding
The court held that the defendant school district allowed a nuisance for the plaintiff by allowing its field to be leased to a baseball team that shined its lights on the plaintiff's residence at night, interfering with the plaintiff's sleep. The court directed that an injunction be issued restraining defendant from causing light to shine onto the plaintiff's residence.

Solar Soccer Club v. Prince of Peace Lutheran Church of Carrollton

Full Case Name
SOLAR SOCCER CLUB, Appellant and Cross-Appellee v. PRINCE OF PEACE LUTHERAN CHURCH OF CARROLLTON, Texas, Appellee and Cross-Appellant
Description

The Court affirmed the trial court ruling that there was evidence from which the jury could have concluded defendant breached the use clause of the leasing contract it had with plaintiff to build soceer fields on plaintiff's property by its over-illumination of the field lights, which caused light trespass and glare.

Date
09-19-2007
Court
Texas Courts of Appeals
Jurisdiction
Texas
Defendants
Incident Location
Dallas, TX
Disputed Act

Plaintiff church (Prince of Peace) leased part of its land to defendant Solar Socceer Club (Solar) to build soccer fields on Prince of Peace's undeveloped property. In the contract, the parties agreed Solar would use the fields primarily on evenings and weekends, while Prince of Peace would use the fields during the school day for the students in its school. Prince of Peace filed suit against Solar for breach of contract with regard to four provisions, including whether use of the field lights "exceeded the City of Carrollton's standards for light trespass and glare, by as much as six to twelve times the maximum in some locations."

Holding
The Court affirmed the trial court ruling that there was evidence from which the jury could have concluded defendant breached the use clause of the leasing contract it had with plaintiff to build soceer fields on plaintiff's property by its over-illumination of the field lights.

CBS Outdoor v. Lebanon Plan. Bd.

Full Case Name
CBS OUTDOOR, INC., PLAINTIFF-RESPONDENT, v. BOROUGH OF LEBANON PLANNING BOARD/BOARD OF ADJUSTMENT, DEFENDANT-APPELLANT
Description

The Borough of Lebanon Planning Board/Board of Adjustment (the Board) denied plaintiff company's application for conditional use variances to the zoning code for off-premises billboard signs "illuminated by five 400-watt lamps mounted at the bottom, facing upwards, located three feet below the face of the sign and six feet away from it." The Court reversed the trial court's decision in favor of plaintiff because it found the trial court did not provide sufficient deference to the Board's finding that light spillover was a justifiable concern and that the plaintiff's illumination compliance with the zoning code was imperfect.

Date
07-22-2010
Court
New Jersey Superior Court, Appellate Division
Jurisdiction
New Jersey
Plaintiffs
Incident Location
Hunterdon, NJ
Disputed Act

The Borough of Lebanon Planning Board/Board of Adjustment (the Board) denied plaintiff company's application for conditional use variances to the zoning code for off-premises billboard signs "illuminated by five 400-watt lamps mounted at the bottom, facing upwards, located three feet below the face of the sign and six feet away from it." The Board's denial was "because of the significant amount of light spillover along the edges of the sign face." The trial court ruled in favor of plaintiff, finding the Board had conducted an improper denial of the variances.

Holding
The Court reversed the trial court's decision in favor of plaintiff becuase it found the trial court did not provide sufficient deference to the Borough of Lebanon Planning Board/Board of Adjustment's finding that light spillover was a justifiable concern and that the plaintiff's illumination compliance was imperfect.

St. Joseph's High School, Inc. v. Planning & Zoning Commission

Full Case Name
ST. JOSEPH'S HIGH SCHOOL, INC., et al. v. PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION OF the TOWN OF TRUMBULL
Description

The Planning and Zoning Commission of the Town of Trumball (Commission) denied the special permit of a private school for the installation of four light poles, seventy feet in height, to illuminate its primary athletic field, after considering concerns from resident neighbors of the private school that allowing the lights would adversely affect the "use and enjoyment" of their properties. The Court vacated the lower court's decision which had allowed the private school's case against the Commission because "a zoning commission has discretion to determine whether a proposal satisfies the requirements for a special permit."

Date
09-19-2017
Court
Connecticut Appellate Court
Jurisdiction
Connecticut
Incident Location
Fairfield, CT
Disputed Act

Plaintiff private school filed an application for a special permit with the Planning and Zoning Commission of the Town of Trumball (Commission) for the installation of four light poles, seventy feet in height, to illuminate the school’s primary athletic field. The Comission denied the special permit after considering concerns from resident neighbors of the private school that allowing the lights would adversely affect the "use and enjoyment" of their properties.

Holding
The Court vacated the lower court's decision which allowed plaintiff's case against the Planning and Zoning Commission of the Town of Trumball. The Court remanded the case to the lower court with instructions to dismiss the case because "a zoning commission has discretion to determine whether a proposal satisfies the requirements for a special permit" and "judicial review is confined to the question of whether the commission
abused its discretion in finding that an applicant failed to demonstrate compliance."
Disposition

Taxpayers for Accountable School Bond Spending v. San Diego Unified School District

Full Case Name
TAXPAYERS FOR ACCOUNTABLE SCHOOL BOND SPENDING, Plaintiff and Appellant, v. SAN DIEGO UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT, Defendant and Respondent
Description

The Court found no substantial evidence that the School District's proposed field lighting would have a significant effect on the environment due to the limited hours of operation, limited evening events, and low number of residences impacted in excess of 0.8 foot-candles. The Court also found that the lighting would not substantially impact the historic aesthetic of the neighborhood.

Date
03-26-2013
Court
Court of Appeal of the State of California
Jurisdiction
California
Plaintiffs
Defendants
Incident Location
San Diego, CA
Disputed Act

Organization of school spending activists objected to the installation of high school stadium field lighting and other renovations on grounds of waste of funds, violation of zoning laws, and environmental concerns (including light trespass, glare, and sleep disruption). A consultant group stated that the sky glow and glare caused by the project would have a less than significant impact. Trial Court ruled in favor of the school district.

Holding
The Court found no substantial evidence that the School District's proposed field lighting would have a significant effect on the environment due to the limited hours of operation, limited evening events, and low number of residences impacted in excess of 0.8 foot-candles. The Court also found that the lighting would not substantially impact the historic aesthetic of the neighborhood.

Mjd Properties, Llc, Resp. v. Jeffrey Haley, App.

Full Case Name
MJD Properties, LLC, Respondent, v. Jeffrey Thornton Haley, Appellant
Description

Defendant company installed a light pole with a protective, adjustable shield in its parking area so that its light shines into the plaintiff's bedroom windows of his residence at night, so plaintiff filed a nuisance suit. The trial court dismissed the nuisance suit because it found that defendant's light was in compliance with the City's Code. The Court reversed the dismissal of plaintiff's nuisance claim because it found that plaintiff had demonstrated a genuine issue of material fact about the reasonableness of defendant's driveway light.

Date
09-08-2015
Court
Washington Court of Appeals
Jurisdiction
Washington
Plaintiffs
Defendants
Incident Location
King County, WA
Disputed Act

Defendant company installed a light pole with a protective, adjustable shield in its parking area so that its light shines up into the plaintiff's bedroom windows of his residence at night. Plaintiff requested that defendant adjust the shield so that the light was not directed into plaintiff's windows, but defendant refused. Plaintiff then filed a nuisance suit, claiming that defendant's light pole with shielding caused "excessive light." The trial court dismissed the nuisance suit because it found that defendant's light was in compliance with the City's Code.

Holding
The Court reversed the dismissal of plaintiff's nuisance claim because it found that plaintiff had demonstrated a genuine issue of material fact about the reasonableness of defendant's driveway light. The Court remanded the decision for further proceedings consistent with its decision.
Disposition

EQT Production v. Boro of Jefferson Hills, Aplt.

Full Case Name
EQT PRODUCTION COMPANY and ET Blue Grass Clearing, LLC, Appellees v. BOROUGH OF JEFFERSON HILLS, Appellant
Description

The Court found the testimonial evidence of the residents from the other municipality about the effects of the company's construction site in their municipality to be "relevant and probative" to the municipality in this case denying the same company a conditional use permit for a construction site. Part of the residents' concerns from the other municipality was about bright lights and light pollution coming from the company's construction site.

Date
05-31-2019
Court
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
Jurisdiction
Pennsylvania
Plaintiffs
Incident Location
Allegheny Township, PA
Disputed Act

Plaintiff company applied for a conditional use permit to construct a natural gas production complex within the Borough of Jefferson Hills (the Borough). In deciding against the permit, the Borough considered as evidence the testimony of residents of another municipality regarding the impacts to their health, quality of life, and property which they attributed to a similar facility constructed and operated by the same company in their municipality. Part of the residents' concerns from the other municipality was about bright lights and light pollution coming from the company's construction site.

Holding
The Court vacated the lower court's finding that the testimonial evidence of the residents from the other municipality about the effects of the company's construction site in their municipality was "speculative" and instead found that evidence to be "relevant and probative" to the municipality in this case denying the same company a conditional use permit for a construction site. The Court remanded the case to the lower court with instructions to reconsider its decision in light of the Court's opinion.
Disposition

McElhaney v. City of Moab

Full Case Name
Jeramey MCELHANEY and Mary McElhaney, Appellees, v. CITY OF MOAB and Moab City Council, Appellants.
Description

Individuals applied for a permit for a bed and breakfast. City Planning Commission approved the permit in spite of neighbors' concerns. The permit was later denied by City Council; the denial was reversed by the district court. Court found City Council did not issue sufficient findings supporting its denial of the permit, and that the district court should have permitted Council to craft new findings of fact and conclusions of law capable of appellate review.

Date
09-21-2017
Court
Utah Supreme Court
Jurisdiction
Utah
Plaintiffs
Defendants
Incident Location
Moab, UT
Disputed Act

Individuals applied for a permit for a bed and breakfast on their property in a residential neighborhood. The City Planning Commission approved the permit subject to conditions in spite of neighbors' concerns over the impact on the neighborhood. The permit was later denied by the City Council; the denial was reversed by the district court.

Holding
The Court found the City Council did not issue sufficient findings supporting its denial of the permit. The Court also found that the district court should have permitted the Council to craft new findings of fact and conclusions of law capable of appellate review.
Disposition

Katherine's Bay, LLC v. Fagan

Full Case Name
KATHERINE'S BAY, LLC, Intervenor, Appellant, v. Ronald J. FAGAN and Citrus County, Appellees
Description

The Court vacated the Administration Commission decision, finding that reliance in part on neighboring landowner's layperson testimony regarding potential increase of traffic, litter, noise, and light pollution coming from the Recreational Vehicle Park/Campground was not considered substantial evidence. The Court also found that the County's ordinance amending the zoning plan did not make the zoning plan "internally inconsistent." The Court remanded the case to the Administration Commission for reinstatement of the ordinance allowing the Recreational Vehicle Park/Campground as an amended part of the County's zoning plan.

Date
12-14-2010
Court
Florida District Court of Appeal
Jurisdiction
Florida
Plaintiffs
Defendants
Incident Location
Citrus County, FL
Disputed Act

Developer sought to rezone property to Recreational Vehicle Park/Campground (RVP) and in response the County adopted an ordinance to amend the zoning plan. Neighboring property owner challenged the rezoning ordinance, citing potential increase of traffic, litter, noise, and light pollution. Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) ruled that the County's rezoning of property to include the RVP was invalid because it rendered the zoning plan "internally inconsistent." The Administration Commission adopted the ALJ's ruling.

Holding
The Court vacated the Administration Commission decision, finding that reliance in part on neighboring landowner's layperson testimony regarding potential increase of traffic, litter, noise, and light pollution coming from the Recreational Vehicle Park/Campground was not considered substantial evidence. The Court also found that the County's ordinance amending the zoning plan did not make the zoning plan "internally inconsistent." The Court remanded the case to the Administration Commission for reinstatement of the ordinance allowing the Recreational Vehicle Park/Campground as an amended part of the County's zoning plan.
Disposition

RUTHERFORD MANAGEMENT CORP. v. TOWN OF COLUMBUS

Full Case Name
RUTHERFORD MANAGEMENT CORP., Plaintiff, v. TOWN OF COLUMBUS, Defendant.
Description

The Court affirmed the trial court's conclusion that the plaintiff's illuminated sign does not violate the Town's ordinance because "the mere fact that the LEDs necessarily flash or move at the moment the sign is changing its advertising copy cannot be considered a violation of the other provisions of the ordinance" which prohibit flashing lights on signs. The Court reversed the trial court's order "to the extent it directs the Town to issue a permit for the sign without any limitations" and remanded the matter to the trial court.

Date
01-04-2005
Court
North Carolina Court of Appeals
Jurisdiction
North Carolina
Plaintiffs
Incident Location
Polk County, NC
Disputed Act

The plaintiff company failed to obtain a permit from the Town of Columbus prior to installing a new sign for its McDonald's Restaurant. The Township sent the company a Notice of Violation because it's sign violated the Town's sign ordinance by using "flashing and intermittent lights to display its messages."

Holding
The Court affirmed the trial court's conclusion that the plaintiff's illuminated sign does not violate the Town's ordinance because "the mere fact that the LEDs necessarily flash or move at the moment the sign is changing its advertising copy cannot be considered a violation of the other provisions of the ordinance" that prohibit flashing lights. The Court reversed the trial court's order "to the extent it directs the Town to issue a permit for the sign without any limitations" and remanded the matter to allow the trial court to decide which features of the sign should be precluded as a condition of plaintiff obtaining a permit.